Pizza is a type of dish invented in the 16th century in Naples by a chef named Raffaele Esposito. In 1889, Esposito who owned a restaurant called the Pizzeria di Pietro baked what he called "pizza" especially for the visit of Italian King Umberto I and Queen Margherita. Originally a dish of the common people named "pizzaioli", it was sold in the street and was not considered a kitchen recipe for a long time.[citation needed] Before the 17th century, the pizza was covered with red sauce.[citation needed] This was later replaced by oil, tomatoes (after Europeans came into contact with the Americas) or fish. In 1843, Alexandre Dumas, père described the diversity of pizza toppings.
In June 1889, to honor the Queen consort of Italy, Margherita of Savoy, the Neapolitan chef Raffaele Esposito created the "Pizza Margherita," a pizza garnished with tomatoes, mozzarella cheese, and basil, to represent the colors of the Italian flag. Today Pizza is globally accessible via the Pizza Restaurant with many different varieties of ingredients, varieties of bases and recipes. Pizza is one of the national foods of Italy and the Italian people.
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